Q. Which one of the following statements best reflects the issue with Senkaku Islands, sometimes mentioned in the news?
a) It is generally believed that they are artificial islands made by a country around South China Sea.
b) China and Japan engage in maritime disputes over these islands in East China Sea.
c) A permanent American military base has been set up there to help Taiwan to increase its defence capabilities.
d) Though International Court, of Justice declared them as no man’s land, some South-East Asian countries claim them.
Correct Answer: b) China and Japan engage in maritime disputes over these islands in East China Sea.
Question from UPSC Prelims 2022 GS Paper
Explanation :
Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands Dispute
Senkaku Islands, known as the Diaoyu Islands in China, are a group of uninhabited islands located in the East China Sea. They are the center of a long-standing territorial dispute between China and Japan. “China and Japan engage in maritime disputes over these islands in East China Sea.”
Background and Context of the Dispute
The Senkaku Islands are strategically located and are thought to be rich in natural resources, including potential oil and gas reserves. The islands are currently administered by Japan, but both China and Taiwan claim sovereignty over them. The dispute over the islands has historical roots and has been a source of tension between Japan and China for decades.
Significance of the Dispute
The significance of the dispute lies not only in the potential resources but also in the strategic control of the surrounding sea lanes, which are some of the busiest in the world. The islands are also important for national pride and domestic politics in both countries.
Misconceptions and Clarifications
The islands are not artificial; they are naturally formed. There is no permanent American military base on the islands, and the United States has not taken an official position on the sovereignty of the islands. While the U.S. is a key ally of Japan and is bound by treaty to defend Japanese territory, it has remained neutral on the sovereignty issue while recognizing Japan’s administrative control.
Current State of Affairs
The tensions over the islands have led to diplomatic standoffs, protests, and occasional confrontations at sea. Both countries have increased their maritime patrols and nationalist sentiments often flare up when incidents occur near the islands. The dispute remains a sensitive and complex issue in Sino-Japanese relations.
