Q. Which measures are essential to achieve Goal 4 of the Sustainable Development Targets 2030 ?

Correct Answer: a) 1 and 2

Explanation:

Goal 4 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focuses on ensuring “inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all.” To achieve this goal, the following measures are essential:

1. Making education free and compulsory:

This is a fundamental step to ensure that all children, regardless of their socio-economic background, have access to education. Free and compulsory education removes financial barriers and ensures inclusivity.

2. Improving basic school infrastructure and embracing digital transformation:

Quality education requires adequate infrastructure such as classrooms, sanitation facilities, and access to technology. Digital transformation is particularly important in modern education to bridge the digital divide and provide access to online learning resources.

3. Expansion of agricultural programmes:

While agricultural programmes are important for food security and rural development, they are not directly related to achieving Goal 4, which is focused on education.

4. Increasing investment in technology:

While technology is important, it is a subset of improving school infrastructure and digital transformation. It is not a standalone measure for achieving Goal 4.

Thus, the correct measures to achieve Goal 4 are 1 and 2, making option a) 1 and 2 the correct answer.