Correct Answer: a) G.V.K. Rao Committee – Planning at the Block Level

Explanation:

The G.V.K. Rao Committee (1985) recommended making the “district” as the basic unit of planning and also holding regular elections.

The Dantwala Committee is primarily related to block-level planning and rural credit. It recommended that block-level planning should be the cornerstone of rural development in India. It also recommended the establishment of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) to provide credit to the rural poor.

The Ashok Mehta Committee was a committee appointed by the Janata government in 1977 to study and strengthen the Panchayati Raj system in India

Correct Answer: c) 4 3 2 1

Explanation:

1. Hutar: This coalfield is located in Jharkhand. Hence, A matches with 4.

2. Ib River: This coalfield is situated in Odisha. Hence, B matches with 3.

3. Tatapani – Ramkola: This coalfield is found in Chhattisgarh. Hence, C matches with 2.

4. Umaria: This coalfield is located in Madhya Pradesh. Hence, D matches with 1.

The correct code is c) 4 3 2 1.

Correct Answer: b) 3 4 2 1

Explanation:

1. Planting Hearth

– This is associated with C.O. Sauer. He was a geographer who introduced the concept of “agricultural hearths” or “planting hearths,” which are regions where agriculture originated and diffused.

2. Cryophyte Steppe

– This refers to vegetation found in the Arctic Tundra. Cryophytes are plants that grow in extremely cold environments, such as the tundra.

3. World Floral Regions

– This is associated with Adolf Engler, a German botanist who classified the world’s floral regions based on plant distribution.

4. Puszta Grassland

– The Puszta is a type of grassland found in Hungary. It is a flat, treeless plain.

Thus, the correct answer is b) 3 4 2 1

Correct Answer: a) 1 3 2 4

Explanation:

1. Consolidated Fund of India:

– The Consolidated Fund of India is mentioned in Article 266 of the Indian Constitution. It is the fund to which all revenues received by the Government of India are credited.

2. Finance Commission:

– The Finance Commission is established under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution. It is responsible for recommending the distribution of financial resources between the Union and the States.

3. Financial Emergency:

– Financial Emergency is covered under Article 360 of the Indian Constitution. It allows the President to declare a financial emergency if the financial stability of India is threatened.

4. Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG):

– The CAG is mentioned in Article 148 of the Indian Constitution. The CAG audits the accounts of the Union and State governments.

Correct Code: a) 1 3 2 4

Correct Answer: b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Explanation:

– Assertion (A): Jet streams are not high-altitude easterly winds; they are high-altitude westerly winds. Jet streams flow from west to east in the upper atmosphere, typically in the tropopause region. Therefore, the assertion is false.

– Reason (R): Jet streams indeed flow with very high speeds, ranging from 300 to 500 km/hour. This statement is true.

There are several different jet streams, or jets, around the globe. The polar jet is located between the 50°-60° latitude lines in both the northern and southern hemispheres. The subtropical jet is located around the 30° latitude line. Jet streams vary in height of four to eight miles and can reach speeds of more than 275 mph (239 kts / 442 km/h).

Since the assertion is false but the reason is true, the correct answer is b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.