Correct Answer: c) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Explanation:

CPR stands for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. It is a life-saving technique used in emergencies when someone’s breathing or heartbeat has stopped, such as during a cardiac arrest or drowning. The term “cardiopulmonary” refers to the heart (“cardio”) and lungs (“pulmonary”), and “resuscitation” means reviving someone from unconsciousness or apparent death. CPR involves chest compressions and, in some cases, rescue breaths to help maintain blood flow and oxygenation to vital organs until professional medical help arrives.

Correct Answer:

b) 3 1 4 2

Explanation:

1. Spain – France: The Pyrenees mountain range forms a natural border between Spain and France. So, Spain-France corresponds to 3 (Pyrenees).

2. Switzerland: The Alps mountain range is prominently located in Switzerland. So, Switzerland corresponds to 1 (Alps).

3. Bulgaria: The Balkan mountain range is located in Bulgaria. So, Bulgaria corresponds to 4 (Balkan).

4. Italy: The Apennine mountain range runs through the length of Italy. So, Italy corresponds to 2 (Apennine).

Correct Answer: c) Terrestrial habitants

Explanation:

Plants and animals that live on land are referred to as terrestrial habitants. The term “terrestrial” is derived from the Latin word “terra,” meaning land. These organisms are adapted to survive in land-based environments, such as forests, grasslands, and deserts.

– a) Abiotic: This refers to non-living components of the environment, such as sunlight, water, and soil.

– b) Aquatic habitants: These are organisms that live in water-based environments like oceans, rivers, and lakes.

– d) Biotic: This term refers to all living organisms, including both terrestrial and aquatic life.

Thus, the correct answer is c) Terrestrial habitants.

Correct Answer: a) Pivotal joint

Explanation:

The joint where the neck joins the head is called a pivotal joint. This type of joint allows rotational movement, enabling the head to turn from side to side, as well as up and down. The pivotal joint is formed between the first two vertebrae of the spine: the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2).

– a) Pivotal joint: Correct, as it allows the head to rotate and move in different directions.

– b) Saddle joint: This type of joint allows movement in two directions, such as the thumb joint, but it is not found in the neck.

– c) Hinge joint: This joint allows movement in one direction, like the elbow or knee, but it does not apply to the neck.

– d) Ball and socket joint: This joint allows movement in all directions, such as the shoulder or hip, but it is not present in the neck.

Thus, the correct answer is a) Pivotal joint.

The correct answer is: b) Anasuya Sengupta

Explanation:

Anasuya Sengupta won the Best Actress award in the Un Certain Regard category at the 2024 Cannes Film Festival for her performance in the film The Shameless. This victory is historic as she is the first Indian actor to achieve this honor at Cannes.

Correct Answer: b) Neither 1 nor 2.

Explanation:

1. It is an air-to-air missile.

– This statement is incorrect. The RudraM-II is an air-to-surface anti-radiation missile, designed to target enemy radar and communication systems, rather than being an air-to-air missile.

2. It was tested in Rajasthan in May 2024.

– This statement is also incorrect. The RudraM-II missile was successfully flight-tested on May 29, 2024, but it was launched from a Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft off the coast of Odisha, not Rajasthan.

The correct answer is: b) Neither 1 nor 2.

Correct Answer: c) 3 2 1 4

Explanation:

1. A. Guðni Th. Jóhannesson:

Guðni Th. Jóhannesson is the President of Iceland. He has been serving as the President since 2016 and was re-elected in subsequent elections.

Match: A → 1 (Iceland)

2. B. Luong Cuong:

Lương Cường is a Vietnamese politician and former army general who is currently serving as the 14th president of Vietnam since October 2024.

Match: B → 2 (Vietnam)

3. C. Halla Tomasdottir:

Halla Tómasdóttir is an Icelandic former businesswoman and politician serving as the seventh president of Iceland since 2024.

Match: A → 1 (Iceland)

4. D. Jose Raul Mulino:

Jose Raul Mulino is a Panamanian politician and former Minister of Public Security. He is associated with Panama.

Match: D → 4 (Panama)

Correct Answer: b) Intertrappean beds – Fossils of sea plants and animals

Explanation:

The intertrappean beds primarily contain fossils of freshwater organisms, such as mollusks, rather than marine fossils. Therefore, this pairing does not accurately reflect the characteristics of these beds.

Correct Answer: a) Vaccine against Malaria developed by Serum Institute of India

Explanation:

R21/Matrix-M is a vaccine developed to combat malaria, a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. This vaccine was developed by the Serum Institute of India in collaboration with the University of Oxford. It is considered a significant advancement in the fight against malaria, particularly in regions where the disease is endemic, such as sub-Saharan Africa.

The vaccine uses a protein-based platform combined with the Matrix-M adjuvant to enhance immune response. It has shown promising results in clinical trials, demonstrating high efficacy in preventing malaria, especially in children who are most vulnerable to the disease.

Thus, the correct answer is a) Vaccine against Malaria developed by Serum Institute of India.

Correct Answer: c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Explanation:

Assertion (A): During 2023–24, Singapore emerged as the largest source of FDI to India.

This statement is accurate. In the fiscal year 2023–24, India received the highest foreign direct investment (FDI) from Singapore, amounting to $11.77 billion, despite a 31.55% decline from the previous year.

Reason (R): The India–Mauritius Tax Treaty amendment has brought a major shift in countries as major sources of FDI to India.

This statement is also accurate. The amendment to the India–Mauritius tax treaty, which introduced source-based taxation for capital gains, reduced the tax advantages previously enjoyed by investors routing investments through Mauritius. Consequently, investors began favoring other jurisdictions, notably Singapore, leading to a shift in the primary sources of FDI to India.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).