Q. Constitutional government means
a) a representative government of a nation with federal structure
b) a government whose Head enjoys nominal powers
c) a government whose Head enjoys real powers
d) a government limited by the terms of the Constitution
Correct Answer: a) government limited by the terms of the Constitution
Question from UPSC Prelims 2021 GS Paper
Explanation :
Constitutional Government
A constitutional government is one that operates under the guiding principles and framework set forth in a constitution. This constitution outlines the structure, roles, and powers of the government, as well as the rights and responsibilities of its citizens. It is considered the highest law in the land, ensuring that all laws and governmental actions are consistent with its provisions.
Rule of Law and Separation of Powers
Such a government is marked by the rule of law and typically features a system of checks and balances among the various branches of government, including the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. This system is designed to prevent any single branch from gaining excessive power.
Protection of Rights and Freedoms
Many constitutions incorporate a bill of rights or a similar declaration that lists the essential rights and freedoms that are safeguarded against government interference. The primary aim of a constitutional government is to restrict the power of government officials and bodies, ensuring they cannot act in an arbitrary or tyrannical manner, and to defend the liberties of individuals.
Contrast with Authoritarian Regimes
A constitutional government is distinct from authoritarian or totalitarian systems, where governmental power is either not legally restricted or is only superficially limited by a constitution that is not effectively enforced.