Q. The “Miyawaki method” is well known for the:
a) Promotion of commercial farming in arid and semi-arid areas
b) Development of gardens Using genetically modified flora
c) Creation of mini forests in urban areas
d) Harvesting wind energy on coastal areas and on sea surfaces
Correct Answer: c) Creation of mini forests in urban areas
Question from UPSC Prelims 2022 GS Paper
Explanation :
Miyawaki Method: Creating Dense, Native Forests
The Miyawaki method is a technique developed by Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki that is used to create dense, native forests. The approach is well-known for its ability to help establish mini forests in urban areas, even on small plots of land, and is particularly noted for its rapid growth and sustainability.
Key Principles of the Miyawaki Method
1. Native Species
The Miyawaki method emphasizes the use of native species that are naturally adapted to the local climate and soil conditions. This increases the chances of survival and reduces the need for maintenance.
2. Soil Preparation
The soil is prepared with a mixture that supports the natural growth of these plants. This often includes compost and other organic material that enriches the soil and provides a healthy base for the seedlings.
3. High Density Planting
Trees and plants are planted very close to each other. This high density not only ensures that the plants grow upwards rather than outwards (due to competition for sunlight) but also helps to block out weeds.
4. Multi-layered Structure
The forest created using the Miyawaki method has multiple layers, including a shrub layer, sub-tree layer, tree layer, and canopy layer. This structure mimics a natural forest and helps create a diverse ecosystem.
5. Rapid Growth
The forests grown using this method can grow incredibly quickly, becoming self-sustaining after a few years. They are often said to grow 10 times faster, be 30 times denser, and have 100 times more biodiversity than those planted by conventional methods.
The Miyawaki method has gained popularity in urban environments because it allows for the creation of natural, self-maintaining green spaces that support biodiversity, improve air quality, and enhance the local environment, even in areas with limited space. It has been used in various cities around the world to bring the benefits of forests into urban settings, combatting the effects of urbanization such as the heat island effect and providing a habitat for local wildlife.
