Q. Which one of the following term describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism, but also its functional role in the community of organisms?

Correct Answer: Option B: Ecological niche

Explanation:

An ecological niche refers to the role and position an organism has in its environment. It includes not only the physical space (habitat) that the organism occupies but also its functional role in the ecosystem, such as its interactions with other organisms, its diet, its behavior, and how it contributes to the energy flow and nutrient cycles within the community.

– Ecotone (Option A) refers to a transitional area between two different ecosystems.
– Habitat (Option C) is the physical environment where an organism lives but does not encompass its functional role.
– Home range (Option D) refers to the area an animal uses for its daily activities, which is more about movement and territory rather than its ecological role.