Q. Which year is known as the year of demographic divide?

The correct answer is: a) 1921.

Explanation: The year 1921 is referred to as the “Year of Demographic Divide” in India. This is because it marked a significant turning point in the population trends of the country. Before 1921, India’s population was fluctuating due to high birth rates and high death rates, which often balanced each other out. However, starting from 1921, the death rate began to decline due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and living conditions, while the birth rate remained high. This led to a steady increase in population. Hence, 1921 is considered the year when the demographic transition began in India.