Q. Which part of the Constitution of India declares the ideal of Welfare State?

Explanation:

Directive Principles of State Policy

The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines or principles given to the federal institutes governing the State of India, aiming to create social and economic conditions under which the citizens can lead a good life. They are enumerated in Part IV of the Constitution from Articles 36 to 51.

The Directive Principles of State Policy are not justiciable, meaning they are not enforceable by any court, but the principles laid down therein are considered fundamental in the governance of the country. The idea is for the State to apply these principles in making laws to establish a just society in the country. The principles are aimed at ensuring social and economic democracy and pushing the country towards the goal of a welfare state.

Concept of a welfare state

The concept of a welfare state is essentially one in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens. It is based on the principles of equality of opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life. The Directive Principles, by advocating for measures such as the right to work, to education, and to public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness, and disablement, among others, clearly reflect the ideal of a welfare state.

Therefore, the Directive Principles of State Policy (a) is the part of the Constitution of India that declares the ideal of a Welfare State, guiding the State in making laws and policies towards achieving this goal.