Q. Do you think that BIMSTEC is a parallel organisation like the SAARC ? What are the similarities and dissimilarities between the two ? How are Indian foreign policy objectives realized by forming this new organisation ?

Model Answer: 

BIMSTEC and SAARC: Comparative Analysis and Indian Foreign Policy Objectives

BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation, est. 1997) and SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, est. 1985) are both regional organizations aimed at fostering cooperation. While BIMSTEC is not entirely parallel to SAARC, it shares some objectives but differs in geographical focus and approach.

Similarities between BIMSTEC and SAARC:
• Regional cooperation as a primary goal
• Focus on economic and social development (e.g., poverty alleviation programs)
• Emphasis on people-to-people contact (cultural exchanges, educational initiatives)
• Similar organizational structure (summits, ministerial meetings)

Dissimilarities:
• Geographical coverage: BIMSTEC includes Southeast Asian countries (Thailand, Myanmar), while SAARC is limited to South Asia
• Member states: SAARC has 8, BIMSTEC has 7
• BIMSTEC excludes Pakistan, reducing India-Pakistan tensions that often paralyze SAARC
• More focused approach: BIMSTEC concentrates on specific sectors (e.g., blue economy, counter-terrorism)

Indian foreign policy objectives realized through BIMSTEC:

1. Strengthening ties with Southeast Asian nations, supporting India’s Act East Policy
2. Countering China’s influence in the region (e.g., maritime security cooperation)
3. Promoting regional connectivity and economic integration (BIMSTEC FTA negotiations)
4. Bypassing Pakistan-related obstacles in SAARC, allowing for smoother regional cooperation

BIMSTEC offers India an alternative platform to pursue its regional interests without the complications often encountered in SAARC. It allows for greater focus on the Bay of Bengal region, which is strategically important for India’s maritime and economic interests.

The organization facilitates India’s engagement with both South and Southeast Asia, promoting cross-regional projects like the India-Myanmar-Thailand trilateral highway. It also provides a framework for addressing shared challenges such as terrorism, climate change, and disaster management.

Conclusion: BIMSTEC complements SAARC by offering a more focused, flexible platform for regional cooperation, aligning with India’s strategic interests in the Bay of Bengal region.