Q. With reference to the food chains in ecosystems, which of the following kinds of organism is / are known as decomposer organism/organisms?
1. Virus
2. Fungi
3. Bacteria
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Question from Odisha OCS Paper 1 2024
The correct answer is: Option B: 2 and 3 only.
Explanation:
Decomposers are organisms that break down dead organic matter into simpler substances, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. They play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems by decomposing dead plants, animals, and other organic materials.
1. Virus: Viruses are not considered decomposers. They are non-living outside a host and cannot break down organic matter. Instead, they infect living organisms to replicate themselves. Hence, viruses do not perform the function of decomposition.
2. Fungi: Fungi are one of the primary decomposers in ecosystems. They break down complex organic materials like dead plants, wood, and animal remains into simpler compounds, which can then be absorbed by plants and other organisms.
3. Bacteria: Bacteria are also key decomposers. They decompose organic matter, especially in soil and water, by breaking it down into simpler substances, aiding in nutrient recycling.
Thus, only fungi and bacteria (2 and 3) are decomposers, while viruses are not.
