The correct answer is (C) Reciprocity of liking.

Explanation:

The “reciprocity of liking” refers to the tendency of people to like someone who expresses that they like them. It is a psychological phenomenon where mutual liking fosters positive feelings and relationships. When we know someone likes us, we are more likely to feel positively toward them in return.

– (A) Prejudice: This refers to a preconceived opinion or bias, often negative, toward a person or group. It is unrelated to liking.

– (B) Attractiveness: While physical or personal attractiveness can influence liking, it is not the same as the general tendency of people to like each other.

– (D) Discrimination: This involves treating people unfairly based on their group membership and is unrelated to liking.

The correct answer is (B) Attribution.

Explanation:

Attribution refers to the process by which individuals explain the causes of their own and others’ behavior. It is a key concept in social psychology and involves determining whether a behavior is caused by internal factors (like personality traits, motives, or attitudes) or external factors (like situational influences or environmental conditions).

– (A) Prosocial behaviour: This refers to actions intended to benefit others, such as helping, sharing, or cooperating. It is not related to explaining behavior.

– (C) Altruism: This is a specific type of prosocial behavior where an individual helps others selflessly, without expecting anything in return. It does not involve explaining behavior.

– (D) Discrimination: This refers to unfair treatment of individuals based on their group membership (e.g., race, gender, etc.). It is unrelated to the process of explaining behavior.

Thus, the process of explaining behavior is best described by Attribution.

Correct Answer: (D) -1

Explanation:

To determine the value of x that makes the points (1, x), (5, 2), and (9, 5) collinear, we need to ensure that the slope between any two pairs of points is the same.

1. Calculate the slope between (5, 2) and (9, 5):
Slope_1 = (5 – 2) / (9 – 5) = 3 / 4

2. Calculate the slope between (1, x) and (5, 2):
Slope_2 = (2 – x) / (5 – 1) = (2 – x) / 4

3. Set the slopes equal to each other:
(2 – x) / 4 = 3 / 4

4. Solve for x:
2 – x = 3
-x = 3 – 2
-x = 1
x = -1

Answer: (D) -1

Correct Answer: (C) 90 cm²

Explanation:

To determine the surface area of the resulting cuboid when two cubes of volume 27 cm³ each are joined end to end, follow these steps:

1. Find the side length of each cube:
Volume of a cube = s³ ⇒ s = ∛27 = 3 cm

2. Determine the dimensions of the cuboid:
– When two cubes are joined end to end along one edge (let’s assume the length), the dimensions of the resulting cuboid are:

Length = 2s = 2 × 3 = 6 cm
Width = s = 3 cm
Height = s = 3 cm

3. Calculate the surface area of the cuboid:
Surface Area = 2(lw + lh + wh)
Substituting the dimensions:
= 2(6 × 3 + 6 × 3 + 3 × 3)
= 2(18 + 18 + 9)
= 2 × 45 = 90 cm²

Answer: (C) 90 cm²

Correct Answer: (B) 100

Explanation:

Step 1: Divide Each Term by Its Position
Let’s consider the position of each term in the series and divide the term by its position:

– 1st term: 4 / 1 = 4
– 2nd term: 18 / 2 = 9
– 3rd term: 48 / 3 = 16
– 4th term: ? / 4 = ?
– 5th term: 180 / 5 = 36

Step 2: Identify the Pattern
The resulting numbers after division are: 4, 9, 16, ?, 36. Observing these:

– 4 = 2²
– 9 = 3²
– 16 = 4²
– 36 = 6²

It appears that each of these numbers is a perfect square, and the pattern follows the sequence of squares of consecutive integers. Notably, the 4th term in this pattern should logically be 5² = 25.

Step 3: Calculate the Missing Term
Given that ? / 4 = 25, we can find the missing term:
? = 25 × 4 = 100

Answer: (B) 100

Correct Answer: (C) 2 / 5

Explanation:

Step 1: Solve for x
Multiply both sides by x to eliminate the fraction:
x^2 + 1 = 2x

Rearrange the equation:
x^2 – 2x + 1 = 0

This can be factored as:
(x – 1)^2 = 0
So, x = 1

Step 2: Substitute x = 1 into the expression
We need to find the value of:
(2x^2 + 2) / (3x^2 + 4x + 3)
Substitute x = 1:
Numerator:
2(1)^2 + 2 = 2 + 2 = 4

Denominator:
3(1)^2 + 4(1) + 3 = 3 + 4 + 3 = 10

So, the expression becomes:
4 / 10 = 2 / 5

Answer: (C) 2 / 5

Correct Answer: (C) 22338

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we use the relationship between the Highest Common Factor (HCF) and the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of two numbers:

HCF × LCM = Product of the two numbers

Step 1: Write down the given values
– HCF(306, 657) = 9
– The two numbers are 306 and 657.

Step 2: Calculate the product of the two numbers
The product of the two numbers is:
306 × 657 = 201042

Step 3: Use the formula to find LCM
We know:
HCF × LCM = Product of the two numbers
Substitute the values:
9 × LCM = 201042

Solve for LCM:
LCM = 201042 ÷ 9 = 22338

Final Answer: (C) 22338

Answer: (A) is higher in power hierarchy

Explanation: In social interactions, body language often reflects one’s position in the power hierarchy. The person who appears more relaxed and at ease typically signals confidence and dominance, which are traits associated with being higher in the power hierarchy. While age or socio-economic status might influence behavior, the question specifically focuses on body language, which is most directly linked to power dynamics. Hence, the correct answer is “is higher in power hierarchy.”

Correct Answer: (C) Speech style

Explanation: Speech style is influenced by the inter-personal context because the way people communicate often changes depending on the social situation, relationship dynamics, and the individuals involved. For example, people may use formal speech in professional settings and informal speech with friends. While gestures, posture, education, and problem-solving can also be influenced by context, “speech style” is most directly shaped by interpersonal interactions. Hence, the correct answer is “Speech style.”

Correct Answer: (A) 233/990

Explanation:

To solve 0.235, we need to convert the repeating decimal into a fraction.

Step 1: Represent the repeating decimal
Let x = 0.235, where 35 is the repeating part.

Step 2: Eliminate the repeating part
Multiply x by 1000 to shift the decimal point three places to the right (since the repeating part has two digits):
1000x = 235.35

Now, multiply x by 10 to shift the decimal point one place to the right:
10x = 2.35

Step 3: Subtract the two equations
Subtract 10x from 1000x:
1000x – 10x = 235.35 – 2.35
990x = 233

Step 4: Solve for x
x = 233/990

Final Answer:
The fraction representation of 0.235 is 233/990.

Correct Option: (A) 233/990