Correct Answer: D) 131

Explanation:

To determine the next number in the series 7, 11, 19, 35, 67, let’s analyze the pattern of differences between consecutive terms:

1. 11 – 7 = 4
2. 19 – 11 = 8
3. 35 – 19 = 16
4. 67 – 35 = 32

Observing the Differences:
– The differences are: 4, 8, 16, 32
– Each difference is doubling the previous one:
– 4 x 2 = 8
– 8 x 2 = 16
– 16 x 2 = 32

Predicting the Next Difference:
– Following the pattern, the next difference should be 32 x 2 = 64.

Calculating the Next Term:
– Add this difference to the last term in the series:
– 67 + 64 = 131

Answer: D) 131

Correct Answer: (A) Groupware

Explanation:

Groupware is a type of software designed to help multiple users collaborate and work together on tasks or projects in real-time or asynchronously. It allows several people to create documents, manage projects, share information, and communicate effectively. Examples of groupware include tools like Microsoft Teams, Slack, and Google Workspace.

– (B) Network refers to the infrastructure that connects computers and devices, enabling communication and data sharing, but it is not specifically designed for collaborative work.

– (C) Software is a general term for programs and applications, but it does not specifically refer to collaborative tools.

– (D) E-mail is a communication tool, but it is not designed for real-time collaboration or project management.

Thus, the correct answer is Groupware (A).

Correct Answer: (D) Convergent thinking

Explanation:

Convergent thinking is a cognitive process in which a person focuses on finding a single, correct solution to a problem. It involves logical reasoning, critical thinking, and the application of existing knowledge to arrive at the one correct answer. This type of thinking is often used in situations where there is a clear and definitive solution, such as solving mathematical problems or answering multiple-choice questions.

– (A) Divergent thinking: This involves generating multiple solutions or ideas for a problem, often associated with creativity and brainstorming. It is the opposite of convergent thinking.

– (B) Trial and error: This is a method of problem-solving that involves trying different solutions until the correct one is found. It is not focused on a single, logical path to the solution.

– (C) Insight: This refers to a sudden realization or “aha moment” where the solution to a problem becomes clear, often without a step-by-step process.

Thus, the correct answer is (D) Convergent thinking.

Correct Answer: (C) It is feasible and achievable

Explanation: A good decision is one that is practical, realistic, and can be implemented effectively. Let’s analyze the options:

– (A) It is based on intuition: While intuition can sometimes play a role in decision-making, relying solely on intuition without considering facts, data, and analysis is not a characteristic of a good decision. Good decisions are typically based on a combination of logic, evidence, and sometimes intuition.

– (B) It ignores stakeholders’ interest: Ignoring stakeholders’ interests is a poor practice in decision-making. A good decision takes into account the needs and concerns of all relevant stakeholders to ensure alignment and support.

– (C) It is feasible and achievable: This is the correct answer. A good decision must be realistic and capable of being implemented successfully. If a decision is not feasible or achievable, it cannot lead to effective outcomes.

– (D) It is made quickly: While timeliness is important, making a decision quickly does not necessarily mean it is a good decision. Rushed decisions can often lead to errors or overlook critical factors.

Thus, the characteristic of a good decision is that it is feasible and achievable.

Correct Answer: D) None of the above

Explanation:

To determine the day on 28th March given that 28th February is a Tuesday in a non-leap year, follow these steps:

1. Understand the Calendar Structure:
– February has 28 days in a non-leap year.
– Therefore, 1st March will be the day after 28th February, which is Wednesday.

2. Calculate the Day for 28th March:
– March has 31 days.
– 28th March is exactly 28 days after 1st March.
– Since 28 days constitute exactly 4 weeks, the day remains the same as 1st March.
– Therefore, 28th March will also be a Wednesday.

Answer: D) None of the above

Correct Answer: (D) Diadic communication

Explanation:

Interpersonal communication refers to the exchange of information, feelings, and meaning between two or more people through verbal and/or non-verbal methods. It is often direct and personal. Another term for interpersonal communication is “diadic communication,” which specifically refers to communication between two individuals (a dyad).

– (A) Face-to-face public communication involves addressing a larger audience, not just two individuals.

– (B) Virtual reality is unrelated to interpersonal communication; it refers to simulated environments.

– (C) Mass communication involves transmitting information to a large audience, such as through television or newspapers.

– (D) Diadic communication is the correct answer as it directly refers to interpersonal communication between two people.

The correct answer is: (D) Pavlov – Gestalt theory

Explanation:

Let us analyze each pair:

1. Thorndike – Stimulus-response bond theory: This is correctly matched. Edward Thorndike proposed the Stimulus-Response (S-R) bond theory, which is part of his connectionism theory. He emphasized that learning occurs through the formation of associations between stimuli and responses.

2. Skinner – Operant theory conditioning: This is correctly matched. B.F. Skinner is well-known for his work on operant conditioning, which involves learning through rewards and punishments to modify behavior.

3. Kohler – Insight theory: This is correctly matched. Wolfgang Kohler is associated with the insight theory of learning, which suggests that problem-solving occurs through a sudden realization or “aha” moment.

4. Pavlov – Gestalt theory: This is incorrectly matched. Ivan Pavlov is known for classical conditioning, not Gestalt theory. Gestalt theory is associated with psychologists like Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka, who focused on perception and holistic processing.

Thus, the incorrect pair is (D) Pavlov – Gestalt theory.

Correct Answer: (B) Mental set

Explanation:

Functional fixedness is a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used. It is a specific type of mental set, which refers to the tendency to approach problems in a certain way based on past experiences or established patterns, even if a better solution exists.

Here’s a breakdown of the options:

– (A) Confirmation bias: This is the tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information in a way that confirms one’s preexisting beliefs. It is unrelated to functional fixedness.

– (B) Mental set: This is the correct answer. Functional fixedness is a subset of mental set because it involves being “fixed” on the traditional function of an object, preventing creative problem-solving.

– (C) Forward working: This term is not directly related to functional fixedness. Forward working typically refers to problem-solving strategies that move step-by-step from the initial state toward the goal.

– (D) Creativity bias: This is not a recognized psychological term. Functional fixedness, in fact, inhibits creativity rather than being a bias related to creativity.

Thus, functional fixedness is best categorized as a type of mental set.

Correct Answer: (A) Words

Explanation:

Human beings primarily use words to communicate, influence, and control the behavior of others as well as themselves. Language is a powerful tool that allows individuals to express thoughts, emotions, instructions, and intentions. Through verbal communication, people can persuade, instruct, negotiate, and resolve conflicts effectively.

While other options like punishment, rewards, and postures can also influence behavior, they are secondary methods and are not as universally or frequently used as words. Words are the most direct and versatile means of communication and control in human interactions.

Correct Answer: (A) 6, 7, 5, 3

Explanation:

Interpersonal communication refers to direct, face-to-face communication or interaction between two or more individuals. It involves the exchange of information, ideas, emotions, and messages in a personal and interactive manner.

Let’s analyze the options:

1. Seminar: This is more of a group communication or public communication setting, not interpersonal.

2. Journalism: Journalism involves mass communication, not interpersonal communication.

3. Office operation: This can involve interpersonal communication when individuals interact directly in a workplace setting.

4. Letter writing: While it is a form of communication, it is not direct or face-to-face, so it is not considered interpersonal.

5. Study-Teaching: This involves direct interaction between a teacher and a student, making it an example of interpersonal communication.

6. Conversation: A direct exchange of ideas or dialogue between individuals, which is a clear example of interpersonal communication.

7. Interview: This is a direct interaction between an interviewer and an interviewee, making it interpersonal communication.

Thus, the correct examples of interpersonal communication are Conversation (6), Interview (7), Study-Teaching (5), and Office operation (3). Hence, the correct answer is (A) 6, 7, 5, 3.