Correct Answer: b) 2, 1, 3, 4

Explanation:

1. World Health Day: Observed on 7th April every year.

2. National Maritime Day: Observed on 5th April every year in India.

3. World Athletics Day: Observed on 7th May every year.

4. World Red Cross Day: Observed on 8th May every year.

Correct answer: b) 2, 1, 3, 4

Correct Answer: a) 3 2 1 4

Explanation:

– A. Aryabhatta Award, 2024 – 3. Dr. Subba Rao Pavuluri

– Dr. Subba Rao Pavuluri, Founder, CEO, and Chairman of Ananth Technologies, was honored with the prestigious ‘Aryabhatta Award’ by the Aeronautical Society of India for his significant contributions to astronautics in India.

– B. World Literary Prize, 2024 – 2. Mamta G. Sagar

– Mamta G. Sagar, a renowned poet and writer, was awarded the World Literary Prize in 2024 for her outstanding contributions to literature.

– C. Lata Deenanath Mangeshkar Award, 2024 – 1. Amitabh Bachchan

– Veteran actor Amitabh Bachchan received the Lata Deenanath Mangeshkar Award in 2024, recognizing his exceptional contribution to Indian cinema.

– D. Goldman Environmental Prize, 2024 – 4. Alok Shukla

– Environmental activist Alok Shukla was honored with the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2024 for his efforts in environmental conservation.

Therefore, the correct code is: a) 3 2 1 4

The correct answer is (d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

Explanation: The first statement is correct as early nationalists like Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale and others did consider British rule as providential for India’s modernization. However, the second statement is incorrect because it claims they “only” complained against “Un-British rule.” This is inaccurate as early nationalists had multiple grievances including economic exploitation, lack of Indian representation, racial discrimination, civil rights restrictions, and various exploitative policies. Their protests and demands were much broader than just complaining about “Un-British rule.”

Correct Answer: b) Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation:

1. Statement 1: The Congress Socialist Party was formed in January 1934.

– This statement is incorrect. The CSP was officially established in October 1934 during a conference in Bombay (now Mumbai).

2. Statement 2: Jawaharlal Nehru formally joined this party due to his sympathy for socialism.

– This statement is also incorrect. While Nehru was sympathetic to socialism and shared many of the CSP’s ideals, he never formally joined the CSP. His decision not to join caused some dissatisfaction among CSP members, who felt he did not fully act on his socialist rhetoric.

Correct Answer: b) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: c) 2, 3, 1, 4

Explanation:

1. Murder of Abul Fazl: Abul Fazl, the historian and close confidant of Akbar, was murdered in 1602 on the orders of Prince Salim (later Emperor Jahangir).

2. Death of Sheikh Mubarak: Sheikh Mubarak, the father of Faizi and Abul Fazl, passed away in 1593.

3. Death of Faizi: Faizi, the elder brother of Abul Fazl, died on 15 October 1595.

4. Death of Daniyal: Daniyal, Akbar’s youngest son, died on 19 March 1605.

Correct Answer: c) 2, 3, 1, 4

Source:

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abul_Fazl
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faizi

Correct Answer: b) 4, 3, 1, 2

Explanation:

1. Linlithgow August Offer: The August Offer was announced by Lord Linlithgow, the Viceroy of India, on August 8, 1940. It was a proposal to secure Indian cooperation during World War II by promising dominion status after the war.

2. Cripps Mission arrival in India: The Cripps Mission, led by Sir Stafford Cripps, arrived in India in March 1942. It was an attempt by the British government to gain Indian support for the war effort by offering a post-war dominion status and a constituent assembly.

3. Ramgarh Congress Session: The Ramgarh Session of the Indian National Congress was held in March 1940. This session was significant as it reiterated the demand for complete independence and rejected any compromise with British rule.

4. Resignation letters of Congress Ministers: Congress Ministers resigned from their positions in October-November 1939. This was in protest against the British decision to involve India in World War II without consulting Indian leaders.

Correct Answer: b) 4, 3, 1, 2

Correct Answer: c) 3 2 1 4

Explanation:

1. Hindu Polity: This book was written by K.P. Jayaswal. It is a significant work on ancient Indian political thought and governance.

2. The Wonder That Was India: This book was authored by A.L. Basham. It is a comprehensive account of Indian culture, history, and civilization.

3. An Introduction to the Study of Indian History: This book was written by D.D. Kosambi, who is known for his Marxist approach to Indian history.

4. The Early History of India: This book was authored by Vincent Arthur Smith, a British historian who wrote extensively on ancient Indian history.

The correct code is c) 3 2 1 4

The correct answer is: c) 1, 2, 3, 4

Explanation:

1. Shankari Prasad vs. Union of India (1951): This was the first case where the Supreme Court dealt with the question of whether the Parliament has the power to amend fundamental rights under Article 368 of the Constitution. The Court upheld the Parliament’s power to amend fundamental rights.

2. Sajjan Singh vs. State of Rajasthan (1965): In this case, the Supreme Court reaffirmed its decision in Shankari Prasad and held that Parliament could amend any part of the Constitution, including fundamental rights.

3. Golaknath vs. State of Punjab (1967): This case marked a significant shift. The Supreme Court ruled that Parliament could not amend fundamental rights, declaring them to be beyond the scope of amendment under Article 368.

4. Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala (1973): This was a landmark judgment where the Supreme Court introduced the “Basic Structure Doctrine.” The Court held that while Parliament has wide powers to amend the Constitution, it cannot alter its basic structure.

Thus, the correct chronological sequence is c) 1, 2, 3, 4

The correct answer is: d) 3 1 4 2

Explanation:

Let us match each amendment with its year of implementation:

1. 42nd Amendment (1976): Known as the “Mini-Constitution,” it was enacted during the Emergency period under Indira Gandhi’s government. It brought significant changes to the Constitution, including the addition of the words “Socialist,” “Secular,” and “Integrity” to the Preamble.

2. 52nd Amendment (1985): This amendment introduced the Anti-Defection Law, which aimed to curb political defections by disqualifying members of Parliament and state legislatures who defected from their parties.

3. 86th Amendment (2002): This amendment made education a fundamental right for children aged 6 to 14 years by inserting Article 21A into the Constitution.

4. 96th Amendment (2011): This amendment changed the official name of the language “Oriya” to “Odia” in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.

Hence, the correct code is d) 3 1 4 2.

Correct Answer: c) 4 3 1 2

Explanation:

1. Cooperative Federalism: This concept is associated with Granville Austin, who described the Indian federal system as one of “cooperative federalism,” emphasizing collaboration between the center and the states.

2. Bargaining Federalism: This term is linked to Morris-Jones, who analyzed the bargaining nature of Indian federalism, where states negotiate with the center for resources and powers.

3. Quasi Federalism: This concept is attributed to K.C. Wheare, who described India as a “quasi-federal” system because it has features of both federal and unitary systems.

4. Federalism with Centralising Tendency: This idea is associated with Ivor Jennings, who highlighted the centralizing tendencies in India’s federal structure, where the center holds significant power over the states.

The correct code is c) 4 3 1 2.