Correct Answer: b) 3 1 2 4

Explanation:

– A. Gopi Thotakura: Entrepreneur and pilot Gopi Thotakura is set to become the first Indian to venture into space as a tourist on the NS-25 mission of Blue Origin.

– B. Dipa Karmakar: She is recognized as the first Indian gymnast to win Gold at Asian Championship. This corresponds to 1.

– C. Aroh Barjatya: He is known as the Indian born NASA scientist who led the team to study solar ecliptic impact on ionosphere. This matches with 2.

– D. Dev Patel: He is a British actor who made his directorial debut with the thriller “Monkey Man”, matching with 4.

The correct code that matches these pairs is: b) 3 1 2 4

Correct Answer: b) 1, 4, 2, 3

Explanation:

1. World Heritage Day: Observed on April 18.

2. International Day of Light: Observed on May 16.

3. World Thyroid Day: Observed on May 25.

4. World No Tobacco Day: Observed on May 31.

Correct Answer: b) 1, 4, 2, 3

Correct Answer: d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

Explanation:

Assertion (A) states that “The concept of Sustainable Development was popularized by the Brundtland Report,” which is true. The Brundtland Report, officially titled Our Common Future, was published in 1987 by the Brundtland Commission and is credited with defining and promoting the concept of sustainable development globally.

Reason (R) claims that “The Brundtland Report is also known as ‘Limits to Growth.'” This statement is false. The Limits to Growth is a separate report published in 1972 by the Club of Rome, which focused on the consequences of exponential economic and population growth on the planet’s finite resources. It is not synonymous with the Brundtland Report.

The correct answer is: d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

Correct Answer: d) 3 and 4

Explanation:

The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a measure that captures the multiple deprivations that people face in their daily lives, such as poor health, lack of education, and inadequate living standards. It is jointly prepared and published by:

1. Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI): A research center at the University of Oxford that focuses on multidimensional poverty measurement and analysis.

2. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP): A global development network of the United Nations that works to eradicate poverty and reduce inequalities.

The MPI goes beyond income-based measures of poverty and provides a more comprehensive understanding of poverty by considering various dimensions and indicators.

Thus, the correct answer is d) 3 and 4.

Correct Answer: b) Both 1 and 2 are false.

Explanation:

The unemployment rate in India experienced significant fluctuations between July-September 2019 and July-September 2022, primarily influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic.

1. July-September 2019: Before the pandemic, India’s unemployment rate was relatively stable, hovering around 6-7%.

2. July-September 2020: The onset of the pandemic led to a sharp increase, with the unemployment rate soaring to approximately 23% at its peak in April 2020.

3. July-September 2022: By this period, the unemployment rate had decreased from its pandemic peak but remained higher than the pre-pandemic levels, stabilizing around 7-8%.

Given this trend:

1. “It remained the same.” — False. The unemployment rate did not remain the same; it fluctuated significantly due to the pandemic.

2. “It declined.” — False in the context of the entire period from 2019 to 2022. While there was a decline from the pandemic peak, overall, the trend does not support a continuous or sustained decline compared to pre-pandemic levels.

Therefore, the correct answer is: b) Both 1 and 2 are false.

Correct Answer: c) Only 1

Explanation:

The term “Cereal Yield” specifically refers to the amount of cereal crops produced per unit area of harvested land. It is typically measured in kilograms or tons per hectare. This metric is used to assess agricultural productivity and efficiency in cereal crop production.

– Option 1 is correct because it aligns with the definition of cereal yield as a measure of production per unit area.

– Option 2 is incorrect because the total production of cereal crops in a country refers to the overall quantity produced, not the yield per unit area.

Thus, the correct answer is Only 1.

Correct Answer: d) Only 2

Explanation:

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emphasizes the urgent need for deep, rapid, and sustained reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to limit global warming and mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. The IPCC’s reports highlight that gradual or limited reductions are insufficient to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global temperature rise to well below 2°C, preferably to 1.5°C, above pre-industrial levels.

Option 1 is incorrect because gradual and limited reductions will not achieve the necessary scale of change to address the climate crisis effectively. The IPCC stresses that transformative action is required across all sectors to reduce emissions significantly.

Thus, the correct answer is d) Only 2.

Correct Answer: c) Only 1

Explanation:

The Voice of Global South Summit (VOGSS) is an initiative led by India to bring together countries from the Global South, primarily focusing on the challenges and concerns faced by developing nations.

1. India recently concluded its 2nd Voice of Global South Summit.

– This statement is correct. The 2nd VOGSS was held on November 17, 2023, in a virtual format, following the inaugural summit which took place on January 12-13, 2023.

2. The term Global South is related to developed countries.

– This statement is incorrect. The term Global South refers to developing nations in regions such as Africa, Latin America, and parts of Asia, characterized by lower levels of income and development compared to the Global North, which includes developed countries like the United States and those in Europe.

Thus, the answer is: c) Only 1

Correct Answer: a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Explanation:

Assertion (A): Turkish invasion on India was successful.

– Analysis: Several Turkish rulers, notably Mahmud of Ghazni and Muhammad Ghori, launched invasions into northern India between the 11th and 12th centuries. Mahmud of Ghazni conducted multiple raids, plundering wealth and destroying temples, but he did not establish a lasting empire in India. However, Muhammad Ghori’s invasions were more impactful, leading to the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, which laid the foundation for subsequent Muslim rule in India.

Reason (R): There was no political unity in North India.

– Analysis: The political landscape of North India during the time of these invasions was highly fragmented, with numerous small kingdoms and principalities. This lack of unity made it easier for invaders like the Turks to conquer and establish control, as there was no consolidated resistance against them.

Correct Answer: a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Correct Answer: d) 4 3 2 1

Explanation:

1. Devasena Bhatta: He is associated with the treatise Smriti Chandrika. This is a well-known legal and religious text.

2. Hemadri: He is the author of Chaturvarga Chintamani, a comprehensive treatise on dharma and rituals.

3. Madhvacharya: He is linked with Parashar Madhav, which is a commentary on the Parashara Smriti.

4. Ballal Sen: He is credited with writing Dan Sagar, a treatise on charity and donations.

The correct code is d) 4 3 2 1.