Q. What do you understand by ‘mixed method’? Discuss its strengths and limitations in social research.

Model Answer:

Mixed method research combines both quantitative and qualitative approaches in a single study, aiming to provide a more comprehensive understanding of social phenomena. This integrative approach has gained popularity in social sciences over recent decades.

Strengths of mixed methods:

1. Complementarity: Quantitative and qualitative data complement each other, offering a more holistic view of the research problem. For instance, surveys (quantitative) can provide broad trends, while interviews (qualitative) can delve into the underlying reasons.

2. Triangulation: Multiple data sources allow researchers to cross-verify findings, enhancing the validity and reliability of results. This addresses the limitations of single-method approaches, as highlighted by sociologists like Norman Denzin.

3. Comprehensive insights: Mixed methods can answer complex research questions that cannot be fully addressed by either quantitative or qualitative approaches alone. This aligns with C. Wright Mills’ emphasis on understanding both individual experiences and broader social structures.

4. Flexibility: Researchers can adapt their approach based on emerging findings, allowing for a more responsive and nuanced investigation.

Limitations of mixed methods:

1. Time and resource-intensive: Conducting both quantitative and qualitative research requires more time, expertise, and resources, which may not always be available.

2. Complexity in integration: Merging different types of data can be challenging, potentially leading to inconsistencies or difficulties in interpretation.

3. Philosophical tensions: Reconciling positivist (often associated with quantitative) and interpretivist (often associated with qualitative) paradigms can be problematic, as noted by sociologist Anthony Giddens.

4. Potential for bias: Researchers may inadvertently prioritize one method over another, leading to skewed results or interpretations.

5. Skill requirements: Researchers need proficiency in both quantitative and qualitative methods, which can be demanding.

In conclusion, mixed methods offer a powerful tool for comprehensive social research, but researchers must carefully consider its application, balancing its strengths against potential limitations and resource constraints.