Q. What were the major teachings of Guru Nanak? Explain their relevance in the contemporary world.

Model Answer: 

Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, propagated a universal philosophy rooted in equality, ethical living, and selfless compassion.

Major Ethical Teachings

• The Three Pillars: Kirat Karo (honest labor), Vand Chhako (sharing resources), and Naam Japo (spiritual devotion).
• Universal Brotherhood: Rejected caste boundaries and sectarianism, emphasizing the absolute oneness of humanity.
• Egalitarianism: Championed gender equality and instituted Langar (community kitchen) to physically dismantle socio-economic hierarchies.
• Sarbat da Bhala: Advocated for the unconditional welfare, peace, and prosperity of all living beings.

Relevance in the Contemporary World

• Tackling Wealth Inequality: Vand Chhako and Dasvandh (donating 10% income) provide an ethical antidote to hyper-capitalism and extreme poverty.
• Combating Communalism: His vision of universalism fosters religious tolerance and harmony in increasingly polarized societies.
• Fostering Professional Integrity: Kirat Karo promotes ethical business practices, countering modern workplace corruption and greed.
• Global Crisis Management: Sarbat da Bhala drives modern humanitarianism and selfless service during disasters (e.g., Sikh Langar and oxygen drives during COVID-19).

Guru Nanak’s teachings transcend religious boundaries, offering a timeless ethical compass to build a just, peaceful, and highly inclusive global order.