Q. Discuss the role of the Election Commission of India in the light of the evolution of the Model Code of Conduct.

Model Answer: 

Role of the Election Commission of India

The Election Commission of India (ECI) plays a crucial role in ensuring free and fair elections in the country. One of the key tools at its disposal is the Model Code of Conduct (MCC), which is a set of norms that political parties and candidates must follow during elections. The MCC was first adopted for assembly elections in Kerala in 1960, and has since been consolidated and updated by the Election Commission.

Strict Compliance with the Model Code of Conduct

Over time, the ECI has taken steps to ensure strict compliance with the MCC, including by monitoring campaign activities, investigating complaints of violations, and taking action against those found to be in breach of the Code. The MCC helps to create a level playing field for all parties and candidates, and promotes transparency and accountability in the electoral process.

Changes to the Model Code of Conduct

In recent years, there have been several changes made to the MCC to reflect changing political realities and emerging challenges. For example, in 2013, the ECI added provisions related to social media usage by political parties and candidates. In 2019, it issued new guidelines on hate speech during election campaigns.

Improved Enforcement Mechanisms

The ECI has also taken steps to improve enforcement mechanisms for the MCC. For example, it has established a system for citizens to report violations through a mobile app or website. It has also increased penalties for violations of the Code.

Conclusion

Overall, the evolution of the Model Code of Conduct reflects ongoing efforts by the Election Commission to improve election administration and uphold democratic values in India. The changes made to MCC over time reflect changing political realities and emerging challenges faced by Indian democracy.