Q. The Supreme Court has banned mining in the Aravalli Hills to stop degradation the forest cover and to maintain ecological balance.
However, the stone mining to still prevalent in the border district of the affected State with connivance of certain corrupt forest officials and politicians. Young and dynamic SP who was recently posted in the affected district promised to himself to stop this menace. In one of his surprise checks with his team, he found loaded truck with stone trying to escape the mining area. He tried to stop the truck but the truck driver overrun the police officer, killing him on the spot and thereafter managed to flee. Police filed FIR but no breakthrough was achieved in the case for almost three months. Ashok who was the Investigative Journalist working with leading TV channel, suo moto started investigating the case. Within one month, Ashok got breakthrough by interacting with local people, stone mining masia and government officials. He prepared his investigative story and presented to the CMD of the TV channel. He exposed in his investigative report the complete nexus of stone mafia working with blessing of corrupt police and civil officials and politicians. The politician who was involved in the mafia was no one else but local MLA who was considered to be very close to the Chief Minister. After going through the investigative report, the CMD advised Ashok to drop the idea of making the story public through electronic media. He informed that the local MLA was not only the relative of the owner of the TV channel but also had unofficially 20 percent share in the channel. The CMD further informed Ashok that his further promotion and hike in pay will be taken care of in addition the soft loan of 10 lakhs which he has taken from the TV channel for his son’s chronic disease will be suitably adjusted if he hands over the investigative report to him.
(a) What are the options available with Ashok to cope up with the situation?
(b) Critically evaluate/examine each of the options identified by Ashok.
(c) What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by Ashok?
(d) Which of the options, do you think, would be the most appropriate for Ashok to adopt and why?
(e)In the above scenario, what type of training would you suggest for police officers posted to such districts where stone mining illegal activities are rampant?
Question from UPSC Mains 2022 GS4 Paper
Model Answer:
Ashok faces a profound crisis of conscience, balancing journalistic integrity and environmental justice against severe personal and financial vulnerabilities.
1. Options Available & Critical Evaluation

- Option 1: Accept CMD’s offer and suppress the report.
- Merits: Secures career; resolves financial crisis for son’s medical treatment.
- Demerits: Destroys conscience; denies justice to the martyred SP; emboldens the mafia.
- Option 2: Resign and publish independently (Social Media/Rival Channel).
- Merits: Upholds journalistic ethics; instantly exposes the political-criminal nexus.
- Demerits: Immediate job/financial loss; severe threat to life/family from the mafia.
- Option 3: Whistleblow to Judiciary/CBI with evidence.
- Merits: Initiates legal action; bypasses media censorship; safer due to legal oversight.
- Demerits: Bureaucratic delays; risks job termination if discovered.
2. Ethical Dilemmas Faced

- Truth vs. Loyalty: Duty to public interest versus obedience to the employer/CMD.
- Integrity vs. Family Duty: Upholding professional morals versus securing funds for a sick child.
- Courage vs. Safety: Risking life against a powerful mafia versus choosing passive safety.
3. Recommended Action & Police Training
Option 3 is the best course of action. Ashok should secretly create backups of the evidence and confidentially submit it to the High Court (as a PIL) or CBI.
- Why? It ensures justice for the murdered SP and protects the Aravallis (Utilitarianism) while fulfilling the deontological duty of a journalist (Press Council of India ethics). It leverages institutional mechanisms (Whistleblowers Protection) without reckless self-endangerment.
- Tactical & Tech Training: Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for high-risk raids, armed backup mandates, and utilizing drones/satellite imagery for tracking illegal mining (e.g., lessons from DSP Surendra Singh Bishnoi murder).
- Ethical & Psychological Training: Modules on constitutional morality to resist political pressure, conflict resolution, and inter-agency coordination (Police, Forest, and Revenue departments).
By prioritizing truth over vested interests, Ashok upholds the media’s role as the fourth pillar of democracy, ensuring ecological preservation and institutional accountability.




