UPSC GS4 2025

Q. “The greatest discovery of my generation is that a human being can alter his life by altering his attitudes.” – William James

UPSC Mains 2025 GS4 Paper

Model Answer:

William James’ profound assertion highlights that internal transformation through conscious attitude change can fundamentally reshape one’s life trajectory and impact. This principle holds special significance in public service, where attitude becomes a catalyst for governance transformation.

The Power of Attitude:

Attitude serves as the interpretive lens for reality, comprising three key dimensions that shape our responses:
• Cognitive dimension – Our beliefs and thoughts determine problem-solving approaches (seeing opportunities versus obstacles)
• Affective dimension – Emotional disposition influences stakeholder engagement (empathy fostering trust, cynicism creating barriers)
• Behavioral dimension – Proactive attitudes drive initiative-taking rather than reactive responses

Application in Civil Service Values:

An attitude shift directly strengthens core administrative values. Integrity flows from principled attitudes resisting corruption. Objectivity emerges from unbiased mindsets transcending personal prejudices. Empathy-driven attitudes enable understanding marginalized sections, embodying the Antyodaya philosophy. A service-oriented attitude transforms bureaucratic processes into mission-driven governance.

Transformative Examples:

History validates this principle through remarkable transformations: Gandhi’s lawyer-to-leader evolution, Ashoka’s conqueror-to-compassionate ruler shift, Armstrong Pame’s community-road miracle, T.N. Seshan’s electoral reforms. Each demonstrates how attitudinal change created societal impact.

Limitations:

While attitude matters significantly, structural constraints like systemic poverty cannot be wished away through positive thinking alone. Attitude change works best when complemented by institutional support and resource availability.

Conclusion:
Attitude transformation remains humanity’s most accessible tool for personal and societal change, especially crucial for public servants.

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